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(דף חדש: == Neuroscience perspective == The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (and the overlapping ventromedial prefrontal cortex) are brain regions involved in d...) |
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== Neuroscience perspective == | == Neuroscience perspective == | ||
| − | The [[anterior cingulate cortex]] (ACC), [[orbitofrontal cortex]] (and the overlapping [[ventromedial prefrontal cortex]]) are brain regions involved in decision making processes. A recent [[neuroimaging]] study<ref>[http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/neuro/journal/v7/n11/abs/nn1339.html Interactions between decision making and performance monitoring within prefrontal cortex]''</ref> found distinctive patterns of neural activation in these regions depending on whether decisions were made on the basis of personal [[volition (psychology)|volition]] or following directions from someone else. Patients with damage to the [[ventromedial prefrontal cortex]] have difficulty making advantageous decisions.<ref> | + | The [[anterior cingulate cortex]] (ACC), [[orbitofrontal cortex]] (and the overlapping [[ventromedial prefrontal cortex]]) are brain regions involved in decision making processes. A recent [[neuroimaging]] study<ref>[http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/neuro/journal/v7/n11/abs/nn1339.html Interactions between decision making and performance monitoring within prefrontal cortex]''</ref> found distinctive patterns of neural activation in these regions depending on whether decisions were made on the basis of personal [[volition (psychology)|volition]] or following directions from someone else. Patients with damage to the [[ventromedial prefrontal cortex]] have difficulty making advantageous decisions.<ref>Damasio, AR (1994). Descarte's Error: Emotion, reason and the human brain. New York: Picador. ISBN 0333656563</ref> |
A recent study<ref>[http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/324/5928/759 Roozbeh Kiani and Michael N. Shadlen, Representation of Confidence Associated with a Decision by Neurons in the Parietal Cortex]</ref> involving Rhesus monkeys found that neurons in the parietal cortex not only represent the formation of a decision but also signal the degree of certainty (or "confidence") associated with the decision. Another recent study<ref>[http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v9/n7/abs/nn1724.html Kennerly, ''et al.'' (2006)]''</ref> found that lesions to the ACC in the [[macaque]] resulted in impaired decision making in the long run of reinforcement guided tasks suggesting that the ACC may be involved in evaluating past reinforcement information and guiding future action. | A recent study<ref>[http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/324/5928/759 Roozbeh Kiani and Michael N. Shadlen, Representation of Confidence Associated with a Decision by Neurons in the Parietal Cortex]</ref> involving Rhesus monkeys found that neurons in the parietal cortex not only represent the formation of a decision but also signal the degree of certainty (or "confidence") associated with the decision. Another recent study<ref>[http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v9/n7/abs/nn1724.html Kennerly, ''et al.'' (2006)]''</ref> found that lesions to the ACC in the [[macaque]] resulted in impaired decision making in the long run of reinforcement guided tasks suggesting that the ACC may be involved in evaluating past reinforcement information and guiding future action. | ||
| − | [[Emotion]] appears to aid the decision making process: Decision making often occurs in the face of [[uncertainty]] about whether one's choices will lead to benefit or harm (see also [[Risk]]). The somatic-marker hypothesis is a neurobiological theory of how decisions are made in the face of | + | [[Emotion]] appears to aid the decision making process: Decision making often occurs in the face of [[uncertainty]] about whether one's choices will lead to benefit or harm (see also [[Risk]]). The somatic-marker hypothesis is a neurobiological theory of how decisions are made in the face of u |
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==יחוסים== | ==יחוסים== | ||
גרסה מתאריך 01:26, 16 בספטמבר 2011
Neuroscience perspective
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (and the overlapping ventromedial prefrontal cortex) are brain regions involved in decision making processes. A recent neuroimaging study[1] found distinctive patterns of neural activation in these regions depending on whether decisions were made on the basis of personal volition or following directions from someone else. Patients with damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex have difficulty making advantageous decisions.[2]
A recent study[3] involving Rhesus monkeys found that neurons in the parietal cortex not only represent the formation of a decision but also signal the degree of certainty (or "confidence") associated with the decision. Another recent study[4] found that lesions to the ACC in the macaque resulted in impaired decision making in the long run of reinforcement guided tasks suggesting that the ACC may be involved in evaluating past reinforcement information and guiding future action.
Emotion appears to aid the decision making process: Decision making often occurs in the face of uncertainty about whether one's choices will lead to benefit or harm (see also Risk). The somatic-marker hypothesis is a neurobiological theory of how decisions are made in the face of u
יחוסים
- ↑ Interactions between decision making and performance monitoring within prefrontal cortex
- ↑ Damasio, AR (1994). Descarte's Error: Emotion, reason and the human brain. New York: Picador. ISBN 0333656563
- ↑ Roozbeh Kiani and Michael N. Shadlen, Representation of Confidence Associated with a Decision by Neurons in the Parietal Cortex
- ↑ Kennerly, et al. (2006)
